The 403 that wasn't dead
A naive checker marks every non-200 response as a dead lead. But a security layer blocking your bot returns 403 for a business that's very much open. Whole segments of a list get discarded for no reason.
gate: waf-signature detection
The confident hallucination
An LLM summarizing web sources will, some fraction of the time, state things the sources never said — fluently, with conviction. If nothing checks the claim against the source, it lands in your report as fact.
gate: adversarial second-pass verification
The silent parse failure
A model returns almost-JSON, the workflow shrugs and moves on, and a malformed verdict gets treated as approval. Anything a parser can't read should count against the claim, not for it.
gate: fail-closed parsing